2015考研英語排序題大綱樣題及制勝方略

考研英語排序題要求考生將一組段落排序，使其意思通順。這就要求考生在閱讀各個段落時要把握它們的中心大意，并且將各段的段落大意整合，理清它們之間的邏輯順序。下面為考生備考提供2015考研英語排序題大綱樣題及制勝方略。

(一) 排序題制勝方略

該題型是一個排序題。要求考生將一組段落排序，使其意思通順。這就要求考生在閱讀各個段落時要把握它們的中心大意，并且將各段的段落大意整合，理清它們之間的邏輯順序。

(二) 排序題的解題步驟

(1) 仔細(xì)閱讀已經(jīng)給出的答案，尋找其中的邏輯關(guān)系，并且在卷子上劃去已經(jīng)給出的兩個答案。

(2) 閱讀選項(xiàng)和原文，確定目標(biāo)答案的位置。

(3) 通讀全文，確定語篇模式，檢查答案是否合理。

(三) 大綱樣題解析

Directions:

The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order for Questions 41~45,you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A~G to fill in each numbered box. The first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)

[A] I just don?t know how to motivate them to do a better job. We?re in a budget crunch and I have absolutely no financial rewards at my disposal. In fact, we?ll probably have to lay some people off in the near future. It?s hard for me to make the job interesting and challenging because it isn?t—it?s boring, routine paperwork, and there isn?t much you can do about it.

[B] Finally, I can?t say to them that their promotions will hinge on the excellence of their paperwork. First of all, they know it?s not true.If their performance is adequate, most are more likely to get promoted just by staying on the force a certain number of years than for some specific outstanding act. Second, they were trained to do the job they do out in the streets, not to fill out forms.All through their career it is the arrests and interventions that get noticed.

[C] I?ve got a real problem with my officers. They come on the force as young, inexperienced men, and we send them out on the street, either in cars or on a beat. They seem to like the contact they have with the public, the action involved in crime prevention, and the apprehension of criminals. They also like helping people out at fires, accidents, and other emergencies.

[D] Some people have suggested a number of things like using conviction records as a performance criterion. However, we know that?s not fair—too many other things are involved. Bad paperwork increases the chance that you lose in court, but good paperwork doesn?t necessarily mean you?ll win. We tried setting up team competitions based on the excellence of the reports, but the guys caught on to that pretty quickly. No one was getting any type of reward for winning the competition, and they figured why should they labor when there was no payoff.

[E] “The problem occurs when they get back to the station. They hate to do the paperwork, and because they dislike it, the job is frequently put off or done inadequately. This lack of attention hurts us later on when we get to court. We need clear, factual reports. They must be highly detailed and unambiguous. As soon as one part of a report is shown to be inadequate or incorrect, the rest of the report is suspect. Poor reporting probably causes us to lose more cases than any other factor.”

[F] “So I just don?t know what to do. I?ve been groping in the dark in a number of years. And I hope that this seminar will shed some light on this problem of mine and help me out in my future work.”

[G] A large metropolitan city government was putting on a number of seminars for administrators, managers and/or executives of various departments throughout the city. At one of these sessions the topic to be discussed was motivation—how we can get public servants motivated to do a good job. The difficulty of a police captain became the central focus of the discussion.

Order:

G → 41. → 42. → 43. → 44. → 45. → F

[題解]

這篇樣題在7個段落中已給出篇首和篇尾段落在文章的位置。通過對文章首末段的閱讀，我們明顯可以看出本文的結(jié)構(gòu)屬于現(xiàn)象問題解決型。

首段說的是：一個大都市的市政府召開各部門管理人員研討會。有一個研討會討論的話題是如何激勵公務(wù)員做好工作。在討論中，一位警察局警長遇到的難題成了談?wù)摰慕裹c(diǎn)。除了這段話，其他段的話都有引號，表明是某人說的話。尾段說到：“所以我不知道如何是好。多年來我一直在黑暗中探索。我希望這次研討會能給我的難題帶來啟示，能幫我應(yīng)對未來的工作。”很明顯，這是發(fā)言的總結(jié)句。結(jié)合第一段的內(nèi)容，我們可以知道，引號里的話是警察局警長的話，而整篇文章主要講的是他面臨的難題。

接著，我們看A到E段，哪一段像發(fā)言的起始段呢?這就要看是哪一段把討論的話題引入。我們可以主要看每段的第一句話。我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)C段第一句話直截了當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)出話題：“I?ve got a real problem with my officers”，而且與首段的最后一句連接自然，所以我們可以判定41題空中應(yīng)該填C。C段的第一句話后，警長開始評價他的隊(duì)員。這一段的內(nèi)容較為正面。因?yàn)榫�長說“有一個難題”，按邏輯順序，下一段落應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折，提出職員中存在的問題。依照這樣的思路，我們在剩下的段落中尋找，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)下一段選E連接最自然。C段先表揚(yáng)職員對公眾的事積極、熱心，但是“The problem occurs when they get back to the station”(一回到警局問題就出現(xiàn)了)。什么問題呢?“They hate to do the paperwork...”警長說出了問題的關(guān)鍵——他們不喜歡寫公文。警長還進(jìn)一步說明了問題帶來的麻煩。說明了問題，警長又是怎么去解決的呢?他的解決方式是否奏效?順著這個思路，我們可以找出下兩段的順序是A項(xiàng)和B項(xiàng)。警長是毫無辦法。難道就一點(diǎn)辦法都沒有嗎?其他人是怎么看的?在D段中，警長提到有人建議通過勝訴記錄來評價，他們也進(jìn)行過小組之間的比賽，但是沒有什么效果。所以，警長殷切地希望能在研討會上得到啟發(fā)和幫助。按照這樣的思路，這些段落就組成了一篇通順、完整的文章。

考生在做這樣的題型時，如果沒有把握，可以多列出幾種可能的順序，然后根據(jù)這些順序重讀文章，看思路是否順暢。完成此類題目關(guān)鍵是把握文章的主要話題和基本的邏輯順序。

[答案]

41. C 42. E 43. A 44. B 45. D

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