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近義詞辨析:英語里面4個表示花費的詞
在英語中有4個單詞Spend、Expend 、Cost、Pay都表示花費,但是怎么使用會有一些差異,文中介紹了幾組詞的常用用法。以下是小編整理的近義詞辨析:英語里面4個表示花費的詞,歡迎閱讀。
近義詞辨析:英語里面4個表示花費的詞
Spend、 Expend 、Cost、 Pay
以上四個詞和“消費”、“花費”和“消耗”有關(guān)。
●首先,spend主要做及物動詞使用,其賓語可以是“錢”、“時間”或“精力”。
Every year, she spends a lot of money on clothes.
女孩,您用生命買衣服啊。
We’ve just spent 1.9 million on improving our computer network.
筆者回想起在老東家有一段時期幾十個電腦共享1MB帶寬的工作環(huán)境,何其辛苦!
I’ve spent an hour in the station waiting for the train.
各位瞅仔細了,spend [money] on doing sth.但是spend [time] doing sth.這就是區(qū)別。雅思考官各個鷹眼犀利,可別范慫。
My sister always spends ages in the bathroom.
我姐姐洗澡總是洗很久很久。
I want to live in a dormitory to spend time with my school friends.
For the past month, he’s spending all the energy trying to find a job.
此外,spend并非大家想象的只能由人或機構(gòu)做主語:
Her anger soon spent itself (=stopped). 她只生了一會氣。
●expend的用法和spend差不多,比cost更為正式:
You expend so much effort for so little return.
你還真是入不敷出。
Governments expend a lot of resources on war.
政府在戰(zhàn)爭上投入很多資源。
●cost的用法與spend, expend不同。cost的主語一般是花出去的錢、時間和精力的對象。
I cost 30 dollars for the board game. X
The board game costs me 30 dollars.√
I spend 30 dollars for the board game.√
One costs more money running a business than buying a house. X
Running a business costs more money than buying a house.√
It costs more money to run a business than to buy a house.√
(因為這句話的主語是不定式to run a business,所以它被放在謂語和賓語后面,主語用it代替)
●pay的用法。pay強調(diào)“付款”,也有pay [money] for sth.這樣一看就懂的用法
You have to pay four dollars for each hamburger.
當(dāng)然pay還有很多其他用法。
Mum paid for my driving lessons./Mum paid me for the driving lessons.
媽媽幫我付了學(xué)開車的錢。
Ray paid some kids to wash his car.
Ray花錢叫幾個小孩來洗他的車。
Ray paid the kids 10 dollars to wash his car.
Ray花10美元叫這孩子洗他車。
A savings plan that paid six percent interest
一個6%利息的儲蓄方案
It pays to be honest. (= It is good to be honest)
William is now paying the price for his early mistakes.
威廉姆現(xiàn)在在為他之前的錯誤買單。
I decide to pay my folks a visit this weekend.
英語里面4個表示花費的區(qū)別
。1)spend指花費時間、金錢等,主語為人,后跟名詞常和介詞on連用。后跟動名詞常和介詞in連用,介詞in可以省略。
sb. spendtime/moneyon sth.
sb. spendtime/money (in) doing sth.
Ill spendmore time onEnglish.
我將在英語上花更多的時間。
He spent 10dollars (in) buying the book.
他買這本書花了10美元。
(2)take主要指花費時間,主語通常是形式主語it,真正的主語是后面的動詞不定式。
It takes sb. some time to do sth.
It took them over two years to build the bridge.
修建這座橋花了他們兩年多的時間。
。3)cost指花錢、勞動力、時間等,不以人做主語,常以事、物作主語。
sth. cost (sb.) money
The work costs them much labor.
這項工作花費了他們很多的勞動。
The book cost me 50 yuan.
這本書花了我50元。
。4)pay指花錢,主語為人,經(jīng)常和介詞for連用。
sb. pay money(錢)for sth
She paid 600yuanfor that coat.她買那件外套花了600元。
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