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英語(yǔ)課外輔導(dǎo)：中考V-ing形式考點(diǎn)分析
現(xiàn)在分詞在句子里面不能充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)，但能充當(dāng)其它的一些成分（定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)），并且它們具有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)（可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)），所以又是類動(dòng)詞的一種。下面是小編收集整理的英語(yǔ)課外輔導(dǎo)：中考V-ing形式考點(diǎn)分析，希望對(duì)大家有幫助！
英語(yǔ)課外輔導(dǎo)：中考V-ing形式考點(diǎn)分析1
考點(diǎn)一：V-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)
(一)作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)
英語(yǔ)中有些動(dòng)詞后要用V-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，在初中階段學(xué)過的常見的動(dòng)詞有：enjoy, finish, mind, keep(on), practise, consider, suggest, miss等。這些動(dòng)詞后面只能接V-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，而不能接不定式作賓語(yǔ)。例如：
I enjoy learning about new things. 我喜歡了解新事物。
Would you mind calling back some time tomorrow? 請(qǐng)你明天給我回電話好嗎？
I have finished writing the composition. 我已經(jīng)寫完了作文。
I am sorry I missed seeing you while you were in Beijing. 很遺憾在北京時(shí)我沒有見到你。
They decided to keep trying. 他們決定繼續(xù)試驗(yàn)。
【典型試題】(注：試題選項(xiàng)下劃線項(xiàng)為答案)
1.-Its too hot. Would you mind_________the door?
-_________. Please do it. (2003重慶)
A. to open; OK
B. opening; Certainly not
C. opening; Of course
D. to open; Good idea
2. Miss Zhang likes the students_________books in the reading room, and she herself enjoys_________books. (2003山東)
A. to read; to readB. read; reading
C. reading; readingD. to read; reading
3. Lily finished_________the book yesterday. (2003 北京)
A. readB. reading C. to read D. reads
4. No matter how hard it is, well keep_________until we make it. (2003遼寧)
A. failedB. failingC. triedD. trying
5. -How can I improve my spoken English?
-You have to practise_________as much as possible. (2003揚(yáng)州)
A. speakB. speaking
C. spokenD. to speak
(二)作介詞的賓語(yǔ)
V-ing形式作介詞賓語(yǔ)的情況很多，常常在某些固定短語(yǔ)之后。例如：
She is afraid of going out alone at night. 她害怕晚上單獨(dú)外出。
The children are fond of reading storybooks. 兒童喜歡看故事書。
I am proud of having a friend like you. 我為有你這樣的朋友感到驕傲。
Are you interested in going to the show? 你有興趣去看演出嗎？
He succeeded in solving the problem. 他終于把問題解決了。
【典型試題】
1. Lucy is interested in_________.
(2002哈爾濱)
A. listen to musicB. listening music
C. flying kitesD. read books
2. -Thank you for_________the ruler from the floor for me.
-Thats all right. (2002 湖州)
A. playing forB. playing with
C. pointing toD. picking up
考點(diǎn)二：V-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
在某些感官動(dòng)詞如see, watch, notice, hear, feel, find等和某些使役動(dòng)詞如keep, leave等后可用V-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：
I saw them forcing the door open with a hammer. 我看見他們用錘子強(qiáng)行把門砸開。
I heard her singing in the room when I passed by. 我經(jīng)過時(shí)聽見她在房間里唱歌。
Im sorry to keep you waiting. 對(duì)不起，讓你久等了。
We felt the house shaking. 我們感到房子在搖晃。
Maybe youll find him waiting for you at the gate. 也許你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他在門口等你。
【典型試題】
1. The young lady watched her daughter_________ a yoyo yesterday afternoon. (2003重慶)
A. to play withB. playing with
C. to playD. plays
2. A policeman saw two thieves_________a girls mobile phone on a bus and he caught them at once. (2003陜西)
A. to stealB. stealing
C. stoleD. stolen
考點(diǎn)三：V-ing形式的`固定搭配
V-ing形式常常用于下列固定搭配中：be busy (in) doing sth. (忙于做某事)，spend some time (in) doing sth. (花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事)，stop / prevent sb. from doing sth. (阻止某人做某事)，feel like doing sth.(意欲做某事)，cant help doing sth.(禁不住做某事)，have fun doing sth.(很高興做某事)，have difficulty (in) doing sth. (做某事有困難)等。例如：
She couldnt help crying when she heard the news. 她聽到這個(gè)消息時(shí)忍不住哭了起來。
I dont feel like eating anything at the moment. 現(xiàn)在我不想吃東西。
We are busy preparing for the final exam. 我們正忙于準(zhǔn)備期末考試。
Nobody can stop us from going there. 誰(shuí)也不能阻止我們?nèi)ツ抢铩?/p>
【典型試題】
1. We must do something to stop people from_________. (2003陜西)
A. to throw litter about
B. to throw litter into
C. throwing litter about
D. throwing litter into
2. -What are you busy_________these days?
-Nothing much. (2003廈門)
A. doB. doingC. to doD. done
3. It was very late. She stopped the children from_________TV. (2003 濰坊)
A. watchesB. to watch
C. watchedD. watching
4. He has caught a bad cold, and he doesnt feel like_________. (2002 泰州)
A. to eatB. eatingC. eatsD. ate
5. Now more and more people are busy_________ about the Internet. (2002 漳州)
A. learnB. to learn
C. learningD. learned
考點(diǎn)四：V-ing形式與不定式的區(qū)別
(一)stop, go on后接V-ing形式與不定式時(shí)的區(qū)別
在stop, go on后可接V-ing形式，也可接動(dòng)詞不定式，但意義差別很大。stop doing sth.表示"停止做某事"，V-ing形式作stop的賓語(yǔ)；stop to do sth.表示"停下來去做另一件事"，不定式是stop的目的狀語(yǔ)。go on doing sth.表示"繼續(xù)做同一件事"，go on to do sth.表示"接著做另一件事"。例如：
The doctor told him to stop smoking. 醫(yī)生要他戒煙。
He stopped to smoke a cigarette. 他停下來抽煙。
He went on studying and finally received his doctors degree. 他繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)，最后取得了博士學(xué)位。
After reading the text, he went on to do his homework. 讀完課文后，他接著做作業(yè)。
【典型試題】
1. If you dont feel well, you may just_________. (2003河北)
A. stopped readingB. stop reading
C. stopped to readD. stop to read
2. Stop_________so much noise!My father is sleeping. (2003煙臺(tái))
A. to makeB. making
C. to hearD. hearing
3. -Lets have a rest, shall we?
-Not now. I dont want to stop_________the letter yet. (2003 黃岡)
A. writeB. to write
C. writingD. and write
4. Mr. Brown asked us to stop_________, and we stopped ______ to him at once. (2002 蘇州)
A. talking; to listenB. to talk; to listen
C. talking; listeningD. talk; listen
(二)V-ing形式與動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別
在see, watch, notice, hear, feel等動(dòng)詞后，既可用V-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，也可用不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，但在用法上有區(qū)別。用V-ing作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，即動(dòng)作處于發(fā)生的過程中，還沒有結(jié)束；用不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生了，即動(dòng)作全過程結(jié)束了。例如：
I saw the girl getting on the bus. 我看見那個(gè)女孩在上公共汽車。
I saw the girl get on the bus and left. 我看見那個(gè)女孩上了公共汽車走了。
Do you hear her singing an English song? 她在唱一首英語(yǔ)歌曲，你聽見了嗎？
I heard her sing an English song. 我聽到她唱了一首英語(yǔ)歌曲。
【典型試題】
1. -Tom, have you seen your brother?
-Oh. I saw him_________basketball on the playground on my way home.(2003威海)
A. playB. playsC. playing D. played
2. When I was walking in the street, I saw a plane_________over my head.(2002福州)
A. fliesB. flyingC. flew D. to fly
中考實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練：
選擇最佳答案。
1. Would you mind_________me how_________ English words? (2003昆明)
A. tell; to remember B. telling; remember
C. telling; to remember D. tell; remember
2. He finished_________the book yesterday evening. (2003 哈爾濱)
A. seeingB. watching
C. readingD. looking
3. Stop_________so much noise! Father is working at the desk.(2002北京東城區(qū))
A. to makeB. making
C. to hearD. hearing
英語(yǔ)課外輔導(dǎo)：中考V-ing形式考點(diǎn)分析2
V-ing 形式在句中修飾主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，說明句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所處的狀態(tài)，它是主句主語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的一部分。與主句謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作幾乎是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，可以表示時(shí)間、原因、伴隨、結(jié)果等。
值得一提的是：當(dāng)從句中的'謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，則應(yīng)用其完成式的 V-ing 短語(yǔ) having （ been ） done .
一 . V-ing 形式表示時(shí)間
1. _______________ such heavy pollution already， it may now be too late to clear up the river.
A. Having suffered B. Suffering
C. To suffer D. Suffered
析：句意為當(dāng)河流受到嚴(yán)重污染時(shí)，現(xiàn)在要清理它已經(jīng)為時(shí)過晚了。很明顯，污染在前，清理河流在后，應(yīng)用 suffer 的完成式，故選 A 項(xiàng)。
2. ___________________a reply， he decided to wait again.
A. No receiving
B. Receiving not
C. Not having received
D. Having not received
英語(yǔ)課外輔導(dǎo)：中考V-ing形式考點(diǎn)分析3
I.ing 形式作定語(yǔ)
1. 現(xiàn)在分詞作前置定語(yǔ)時(shí)，在邏輯上與所修飾的名詞之間為主謂關(guān)系，也可改成定語(yǔ)從句；如果與所修飾的名詞之間沒有主謂關(guān)系，定語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)介詞for引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)。現(xiàn)在分詞位于所修飾的名詞之后做后置定語(yǔ)，與所修飾的名詞之間呈邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。如：a listening child= a child who is listening, a walking stick= a stick for walking.
2. 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)往往表示“令人”，主動(dòng)的或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：a moving film, a developing country.
II. ing 形式作狀語(yǔ)
動(dòng)詞-ing形式在句子中做狀語(yǔ)，表示的動(dòng)作是主語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的一部分，與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)是同時(shí)或者幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生的，經(jīng)�？梢宰鰰r(shí)間、原因、方式、條件、結(jié)果、目的、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句子的主語(yǔ)必須是狀語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)；而且主語(yǔ)與作狀語(yǔ)的'分詞之間呈邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。
1.原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
1).Being ill, she didn’t go to school today.
因?yàn)樯�，她今天沒上學(xué)去。
2). Seeing no one at home, I decided to come again.
看見沒有人在家，我決定再來一趟。
2. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于when, while等引導(dǎo)的從句。
1).Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy.
當(dāng)聽到這個(gè)好消息時(shí)，他高興地跳了起來。
2).Walking in the street, I saw a friend of mine.
當(dāng)我走在街上時(shí)，我看到了我的朋友。
如果分詞短語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，常在分詞短語(yǔ)前加上when或while。
3).Be careful when crossing the street.
過街時(shí)小心。
3. 伴隨狀語(yǔ)，與謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。
1).He sat at the table reading China Daily.
他坐在桌子旁看《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》。
2).Talking and smiling, they went into the room.
他們又說又笑地走進(jìn)房間。
4. 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。
1).The mother died, leaving a lot of money for her children.
母親去世了，給她的孩子留下了一大筆錢。
5. 條件狀語(yǔ)。
Turning right, you will find the place you want.
往右轉(zhuǎn)彎，你就會(huì)找到你要找的地方了。
III.現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，它的邏輯主語(yǔ)一般須與句子的主語(yǔ)一致。作狀語(yǔ)的分詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。
1).Seeing from the top of the hill, we can see our beautiful school.
從山頂望下去，我們就能看到我們美麗的學(xué)校。
但有時(shí)它也可以有自己獨(dú)立的邏輯主語(yǔ)，獨(dú)立主語(yǔ)=邏輯主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞表示伴隨，時(shí)間、原因，條件。
2).Many people being absent, they decided to put the meeting off.
由于許多人都缺席了，他們決定取消這次會(huì)議。
IV. 現(xiàn)在分詞的否定形式。
現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式:not+ v.ing
完成式的否定式:not+ having done
Not having heard from her son for a long time, the mother worried a great deal.
由于很久沒有收到兒子的來信，這位母親很擔(dān)心。
V. 現(xiàn)在分詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。
1). 分詞一般式表示的動(dòng)作和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作一般同時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)，則用分詞的一般式形式。
He walked on the street, seeing back from time to time.
他走在街上，不時(shí)地向身后看看
2). 如果分詞所表示的動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生，則用分詞的完成式形式。
Having finished his work, Henry went home.
完成了他的工作后，亨利回家了。
語(yǔ)法聚焦預(yù)習(xí)自測(cè)
1._________ her telephone number, I couldn’t ring her up.由于不知道她的電話號(hào)碼，我無(wú)法打電話給她。
2. ____________________, we will go there on foot.
天氣好的話，我們將步行去那里。
3.___________________, I met Mary.
上學(xué)時(shí)我遇見了瑪麗。
4. I turn off the light, ____________________.
我把燈關(guān)了，所以什么也看不見。
5. _____________________, you will succeed. 努力工作，你就會(huì)成功。
6. _____________________ his letter, I decided to write to him. 沒收到他的來信，我決定給他寫信。
7. The building __________(build) now is our new library.
8. __________________________(give) such a good chance, how could you let it slip away?
9. He stood, __________(lean) against the wall/
10. The song is sung all over the country, _______ (make) it the most popular song.
答案：
1. Not knowing 2. Weather permitting
3. While going to the school 4. seeing nothing
5. Working hard 6. Not receiving 7. being built
8. Having been given 9. leaning 10. making
課內(nèi)探究案
探究總結(jié)動(dòng)詞-ing的用法
教學(xué)建議：如何判斷非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式和動(dòng)詞-ing的各種形式是重點(diǎn)，幫助學(xué)生形成判斷的依據(jù)和規(guī)則，注意v-ing作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的特性：時(shí)間性、語(yǔ)態(tài)性和主語(yǔ)一致性。
1. 動(dòng)詞的-ing形式做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)表示什么含義？
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
答案:動(dòng)詞-ing形式在句子中做狀語(yǔ)，表示的動(dòng)作是主語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的一部分，與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)是同時(shí)或者幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生的，經(jīng)�？梢宰鰰r(shí)間、原因、方式、條件、結(jié)果、目的、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句子的主語(yǔ)必須是狀語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)；而且主語(yǔ)與作狀語(yǔ)的分詞之間呈邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。
2.動(dòng)詞的-ing形式變化：
主動(dòng)形式
被動(dòng)形式
一般式
完成式
答案：
主動(dòng)形式
被動(dòng)形式
一般式
doing
being done
完成式
having done
having been done
3. 現(xiàn)在分詞的否定形式是什么？
____________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
現(xiàn)在分詞的否定形式：
現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式:not+ v.ing
完成式的否定式:not+ having done
II. 學(xué)以致用
一、詞匯運(yùn)用
1. It rained heavily in the south， serious flooding in several provinces.（2010 天津）
A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause
2. at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.（2010 北京）
A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked
3. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu ,________the students to return to their classrooms.（2010 江蘇）
A. enabling B. having enabled
C. to enable D. to have enabled
4 The lady walked around the shops, _______ an eye out for bargains.（2010 江西）
A keep B kept C keeping D to keep
5. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, supplies to Yushu, Qinghai province after the earthquake.（2010 福建）
A. sending B. to send
C. having sent D. to have sent
6. He had a wonderful childhood， _______with his mother to all corners of the world.(2010 安徽)
A. travel B.to travel. C. traveled D. traveling
7. Dina, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.（2010 湖南）
A. struggling B. struggled
C. having struggled D. to struggle
8. The lawyer listened with full attention， to miss any point．（2010 四川）
A．not trying B．trying not
C．to try not D．not to try
9. The news shocked the public, _______to great concern about students’ safety at school.（2010 重慶）
A. having led B. ledC. leading D. to lead
答案：
1. CAACA 6. DCBC
�、�.學(xué)貴有疑——我思考，我收獲！
學(xué)習(xí)建議：結(jié)合以上學(xué)習(xí)，請(qǐng)你用3-5分鐘的時(shí)間與同學(xué)自由質(zhì)疑和答惑。
�、�.我的收獲——反思靜悟、體驗(yàn)成功
——請(qǐng)寫出本堂課學(xué)習(xí)中，你認(rèn)為感悟最深的一至兩條收獲。
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